Spray gun



May 23, 1933. s. BRAMSEN 1 SPRAY GUN Filed Nov. 21, 1930 3 sheets-sheet1 May 23, 1933. s, BRAMSEN 1,910,673

' SPRAY GUN Filed Nov. 21, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 @Ave/707 fdmjef? May23, 1933.

s. BRAMsEN SPRAY GUN Filed Nov. 21, 1.930

3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented May 23, 19,33

UNITED STATE-s PATENT' OFFICE SVEND` BRAMSEN, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,ASSIGNOR T0 BINKSMANUFAULUBING GAO.,

0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 0F SPRAY GUN Application ledNovember 21,4 1930. Serial N0. 497,130. I

My invention relates to the class of liquid spraying appliances in whichthe liquid is initially projected in thel I drical stream surrounded bya tubular sheath of compressed lair, and in which the resulting spray ofatomized liquid may be deformed to varying extents by the impinging ofopposed jets of compressed air against this air-sheathed liquid streamafter thls. liq- -uid stream has issued from the appliance.

For convenient use, such appliances are usually of the hand-held typeknown as spray 'form of a cylinguns, with which type objections havebeen encountered owing to the bulk and'weight added by the means forIcontrolling the extent of the flattening or other deforming of theshape of the spray, the diliiculties in manufacturing such spray guns,and the'diiculties encountered in disassembling and cleaningjthem.Generally speaking, my invention, aims to overcome all of theseditliculties by providing a spray appliance of `this class aliording thefollowing advantages over the forms heretofore employed: b (i 1) Unusuallightness of the appliance A body construction which willrequire verylittle coring for the casting, and

i which will readily permit almost all passage portions to be drilledout for snioothingtheir bores.

(3) A supplemental air control arrangement independent of the rotationalposition of the portion of the appliance through which-the supplementalair issues; thereby permitting the user to-vary thev plane along whichthe spray is lattened, without altering the adjustment i.of thesupplemental air.

(l) A 'supplemental air control arrangement which will require only asingle 'pas-- sage extending for substantiallythe entire length ofthebody of thel appliance.

(5) A construction which will insure anv adequate separation of the airsupply for the tubular' sheath from the supplemental air supply for thelateral or spray-flattening jets, without requiring an undesirably highaccuracy in the machining of the head portions of the appliance.

(6) Avccnstruction permitting a complete [and from the Fig. 5A is amanual disassembling of the head of the ,appliance when a retainingring'is unscrewed.

(7) A construction in which-the manual control of the supplemental aircan' readily be effected by merely-turning a lmob which may be placedeither at the rear end 'of the lappliance or near the forward'end ofvthe body of the appliance.

(8) A construction in whichA thezair supply for the tubular sheath iselectively equalizedcircumferentially of that sheath before this airreaches its discharge outlet.

(9) A construction in which a baille disposed in an air distributingchamber effects a circumferential equalizingof the air pressure withinthat chamber, so that air will be supplied at equal pressures'to theports from which the spray-flattening air jets issue.

(10) A distributing chamber and baille arrangement for this purpose, iniwhich the bale is integral with a partition wall s acing this airdistributing chamber from t e air supply for the tubular sheath. 'i y(11) A distributing chamber, baille and partition wall arrangementfor-this purpose in which the combined baille ahd partition wall memberis yieldingly pressed a ainst the body 'of the appliance, to allow orir- 'regularities in the manufacture of various portions of the head 'ofthe appliance.

Still further and also more detailed'objects will appeary from thefollowing speciiication accompanying drawings, in'

which j I Y Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a spray gun embodying myinvention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged central, vertical and longitudinal section throughthesame spray gun, with the lower portions of thertrigger aridof thehandle assembly broken away.

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are transverse vertical s'ections taken respectivelyalong the correspondingly numbered lines-in Fig.- 2. Y

` central vertical and lon tu f dinal section through the forward end othe `body alone, drawn onthe'same scale as Fig.l 2 and taken alongthedine 5A-5A of Fi 4. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of thejcombxned baffleand partition wall member.Y

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the spring which les pressesl the saidcombined member rearwardly.

Fig. 8 1s an enlargement of the forward 4portion of Fig. 2.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary side elevation of another spray gunlembodyingbmy invention, namely one in which the knob for controllingthe supply of air to the spray-flattening jets is disposed adjacent tothe head of the body of the appliance.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged plan View of the forward portion of the spray gunof Fig. 9, partially sectionel along the line 10 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a central, longitudinal and vertical section through theforward portion of the spray gun of Fig. 9, drawn on the same scale asFig. 10.

' lFig. 12 is a diagram showing transverse sections of the spray4obtained respectively with the supplemental air port closed, and `withthe supplemental air valve in two dierent positions.

In the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 8 inclulsive, the body of my spray gunis a casting which includes a' barrel 1, a tail portion 2 depending fromthe rear end of the body, and a forward body enlargement which includesa tubular depending stem 3 for attaching the usual liquid supply hoseand which also is bored out to afford an air 'storage chamber 4. Thischamber (which can be bored out from the front end of the body) isspaced from the said forward body end by a partition 5 having a centralopening 6 concentric with an external thread 7 on the forward end of thebody.

The partition 5 also has an auxiliary air port 8 alining axially (and atright angles to the plane of this partition) with a main air passage 9in the barrel 1 of the body, this passage being formed by a bore whichextends to the rear end of th-e bar rel so that it can easily be boredout. Leading to this main air passage 9 is an upright passage 10 (Fig.2) which can be bored out upwardly through the lower edge of the body,the lower end of the resultingvupright bore being afteryards closed by aplug 11.` y

This upright passage 10 intercepts two superposed longitudinal bores 12and 13 in the tail 2 of the body, the lower bore being connected byaport 14 to the upper end of an air supply tube 15 which extends within ahandle 16 and leads in the usual manner to a nipple 17 to which an airhose is connected when the spray gun is in use.

Mounted in the lowestbore 13 is a hollow air valve body through whichair can pass from the air supply tube 15 to the riser'bore 10 into themain air passage 9. This air valve body 18 has a perforated partitionaffording a valve seat 19 for engaging-the head of a valve 20 which iscontinuouslv urged forward by a spring 21 and which can be movedrearwardly by a trigger-shaped lever 22 pivoted retoma on a screw 24extending through the barrel 1 above the bore of this barrel.

Soldered in the intermediate bore 12 is a ruide sleeve 25 which has aperipheral groove 25A opposite the riser bore 10 so that air will flowupward around it, the rear end of the guide sleeve being closed by vascrew plug 26 which has a bore 27 extending rearwardly into it.'Slidably disposed in the forward portion of the bore 28'of this guidesleeve 25 is a collar 29 soldered. to a needle valve 30 which extendsslidably into the bore 27 of the screw plug 26, and which collar 29 1s disposed so that it will be engaged by the trigger-shaped lever 28 duringthe rearward movement of the latter after the lever has partially openedthe valve 20.

A compression spring 31 disposed w1th1n the guide sleeve 25 between thecollar 29 and the screw plug 26 continually urges that collar (togetherwith the needle valve 30 fastened to the collar) forwardly; and therearward movement ofthe needle valve by the trigger lever is limited bythe extent to which the screw plug 26 is screwed into the guide sleeve,since the extent of this screwing varies the position of the rear end ofthe bore 27 of the screw plug, which rear bore end is engaged by' therear end of the needle valve when the latter is sufficiently retracted.

The head portion of the body has a liquid passage 32 extending forwardlyfrom the bore of the liquid inlet stem 3 and in axial alinement withboth the exterior thread 7 and the central partition aperture 6.'ilightly socketed in the forward end portion of this liquid passage 32is a tubular liquid nozzle 33 which has the forward portion of its borecontracted in diameter to afford a liquid discharge outlet 34 which isclosed by the taperin'g forward end portion 30A of the liquiddischargecontrolling needle valve 30 when the trigger lever 22 is in its forwardinoperative position of Fig. 2.

The intermediate portion 33A of the liquid nozzle which extends throughthe partition aperture 6 is of smaller diameter than that aperture,thereby affording an annular port 35 through which air will passforwardly from the air storage chamber 4 around the liquid nozzle intolongitudinal grooves 36 (Fig. 3) forming enlargements of the forwardlytapered bore 37 of an air nozzle 38 which is socketed on thecorrespondingly for-V tip desirably is of quite small radial thickness)for affording an annular central air discharge outlet 42. (Fig. 8.)

The air nozzle 38 also has two longitudinal bores 43 extending'forwardly into it, these two bores having their axes in a common Vtoplane through the axis of the air l nozzle. Each of these bores 43 leadsto a lateral air discharge p'ort 44 through which one of thespray-liattening air jets lssues, and these two supplemental airports-44 have their axes 47 converging (as in Fig. 8) at a common point6l on the axis 60 of the air nozzle.

The bore 37 of the air nozzle has itsy rear end portion cylindrical andthis rear end portion 45 slidably houses the forward portion of atubular partition 46 (Fig. 6) which abuts at its rear end against theforward face of the body of the spray gun. The air nozzle 38 also has atits rear end a eripheral flange 47 overhung by an inwar y turned flange48 at the forward end of a retaining ring 49, which ring is screweduponthe peripheral thread 7 on .the head of thebody so as'to draw the airnozzle rearwardly to seat that nozzle lirmly on the liquid nozzle;

interposed between the forward end of the tubular partition46 Vand theairnozzle 38 is a spring 50, desirably in the form of a` spring washerhaving radial corrugations as shown in Figs. 5 and 7, which springpresses the tubular partition 46 rearwardly so as to seat the rear endof that partition on the fonward face of the body. This tubularpartition is smaller inexternal radius than the distance between thepartition port 8 and the axis 5l of the frontal aperture 6 in the body,so that the tubular partition is effectively a rearward extension oftheair nozzle and is disposed between air issuing from the storage chamber4 through the central aperture 6 and air issuing from the same chamberthrough the auxiliary air port 8. Y

To control this auxiliary port 8, my spray gun is provided -with asupplemental aircontrolhng needle valve. 52 whichYA extends within themain air passage 9 and which is of considerably smaller diameter thanthat passage. This valve 52 is'screwed through a sleeve 53 mounted inthe rear endv of the main r air passage 9, and extends rearwardly boththrough a packing 54 disposed around the needle valve between the rearend of the sleeve and through a cap 55 to prevent leakage of air. VTheneedle valve also has a knob 56 fastened to its rear end behind'the. cap55, which knob can be turned so as'to move the needle valve rearwardlyto any desired extent, thereby moving the forward; end of this valve outof the closure position of Fig.

' A2 in which the tapering forward end fof this valve closes theport 8as for example-to the full open position of 1l`i'g. 8.

When my spray gun is in use, a rearwa-r movement of the' trigger-shapedlever 22 (or movement toward the right `in Figs. ,l and 2) immediatelypresses the air valve stem 20 rearwardly to open this valve, therebadmittin air from 'the air supply tu '.14' throug the port 10 and theannular space 25A, tothe main-airpassage 9 Vin the gun body. With theauxiliary port 8 (Fig-5A or 12) closed b the auxiliary air .controlvalve 52 as in ig. 2, air iowmg from the main air passage 1nto the airstorage cham-l ber 4 is only emitted around the liquid nozzle 33 andthrough the annular air outlet around the tip 34 of this nozzle, therebydischarging air in the form of a tubular sheath S' (Fig. 8) having aninternal diameter only slightly larger than the discharge bore 'B of theliquid nozzle.

Then when the trigger lever 22 has been moved sufliciently to engage theforward end of the sleeve 29 soldered to the liquid control valve 30,this latter valve begins to move rearward also, thereby discharging theliquid material supplied through the liquid inlet 3 and the bore 39 ofthe liquid nozzle in the form of a solid stream L (Fig. 8). y

With both tle liquid vand the air supplied under pressure, the liquidstream tends to expand gradually in diameter,-and the tubular air sheathlikewise expands in radial thickness bothA inwardly. and outwardly.'

' rearward tubular portion 46R, thereby supplying air to both of thesupplemental air passages 43 and throughA the latter to the supplementalairports 4.4.

Since these supplemental air ports. have their axes in a common planediametric of vthe common axis 60 of the liquid and air nozzles andintersecting at the common point 6l on the axis 60. of the liquidnozzle, the supplemental airjets issuing from the ports 44 impactagainst opposite sides of the tubular air sheath S at or adjacent to thepoint (at some distance forward f the liquid discharge outlet B) atwhich the liquid ystream L be- 'gins to impact against the tubular airsheath.

unusual uniformity 1n 'a finely divided or` misty form.

In practice, I preferably form both the outlet bore Bof the liquidnozzle, the outer surface of the liquidnozzle tip 34 and the centralbore 41 in the head of the air nozzle so 'that `all of these taperforwardly. When these liquid nozzle and airnozzle parts are. thusformed, the tubular air sheath S issues' ini I tially in a forwardlytapering form, thereby deterring its expansion, so that no appreciableatomization of the liquid occurs before the supplemental air jets impactof the airsheathed liquid stream.

The extent of the flattening of the resulting spray depends on theextent to which the auxiliary air port 8 is opened, so that thecross-section of the spray can readily be varied. For example, if thiscross-section at a considerable distance forward of my spray applianceis a circle 64 as in Fig. 12 when the air port 8 is closed, it will bean ellipse when the auxiliary air port 8 is open, the ratio between thelonger and shorter axes of this ellipse depending on the diameters ofthe supplemental air ports 44. That is to say, by disposing the tip ofthe auxiliary air valve 52 at different positions intermediate of itsclosure position of Fig. 2 and its full open position of Fig. 8,corresponding variations in the degree of the spray flattening and inthe spray sections can readily be obtained, such as the sections 62 and63 in Fig. 12.

W'hen the retaining ring 49 is unscrewed l from the body of theappliance, the air nozzle 38, the baille member 46 and the interposedspring can all ,be slid olf the liquid nozzle, thereby affordingconvenient access to all of these parts and to the auxiliary air port 8.Consequcntly,'the head portions of my appliance are easily cleaned, andif the spray is to be flattened to a greater extent than that permittedby the proportionate diameter ofthe supplemental air ports 44 inrelation to thel area of the annular air port through which the tubularair sheath is discharged, this can readily be done by substituting anair nozzle having supplemental air ports of smaller diameter.

Since the forward portion of thebaille member 46 is vslidalole in therearward end portion of the air nozzle, the entire tubular part of Ithisbaille member effectively forms a rearward extension of the airnozzle,the slidability and the interposed spring 50 being provided merely in'order that the rear end of the baille member may seal tightly againstthe forward end of the head of the gun body, even if the threadedattachment of the retaining ring to this body should be slightly tilted.v

In other words, this separate forming of the combined partitioningandbaille member and the use of a spring for urging it rearwardly servesthe purpose of compensating for possible inaccuracies in the manufactureof various head parts, while permitting a proper seating of theo'nicalbore portions.

of the air nozzle on the liquid nozzle so as to secure an accurateconcentric disposition of the two walls of the annular air port throughwhich the tubular air sheath issues. Thus,

I lthe combined partitioning and baille member together with the airnozzle constitute an air 'vary the er than that of the auxiliary airport 8, so

that the air admitted to this port expands within the air distributionchamber, and the narrow space between the periphery of the baffle memberand the bore of the retaining ring 49 deters the air from rushing pastthe baille vmember to the nearest supplemental air duct 43 in the airnozzle even when this duct substantially alines with the supplementalair port 8 as in Fig. 12. Consequently, ll can secure a discharge of thesupplemental air jets from the two ports 44 at equal pressures,regardless of the rotational position of the air nozzle with respect tothe body of the appliance, it being evident that this nozzle may beturned to different positions before the retaining ring is tightened, soas to plane along which the spray is flattened.

However, while ll have heretofore described my invention in anembodiment in which the supplemental air valve 52 extends 'through,limited to'this or other details of the construction and arrangement,thus disclosed, since many changes might be made without departingeither from the spirit of my invention or from the appended claims.

For example, Figs. 9 to 11 show forward portions of another embodimentin which the auxiliary air port 64 does not aline with the main airpassage 9 but alines axially with a supplemental air valve 65 which hasits head 65A disposed at one side'of the neck of the body 66 and forwardof the trigger lever 22. The supplemental air valve 65 does not extendwithin the main air passage 9 and its Alength can be a. small fractionof the length of either the main air passage or the liquidcontrollingvalve 30. With this embodiment, the portion of the body 70 through whichthe supplemental .air valve is threaded is desirably formed by a lateralextension 71 of the forward part of the body, so that the knob 65A onthe said valve will be at one side of the body. However, the rotationalposition of the axis of this supplemental valve with respect tov that ofthe main air supply passage is immaterial, since the baille 46B in theair-distributing chamber D will cause the air (admitted to that chamberthrough theport 64) to liow around the tubular partition portion 4ebehind the said baai@ inv addition to passing between the edge of the'balile and the bore of the retaining ring 49.

In each of the illustrated embodiments, the knobs for manipulating theauxiliary air valve is behind the spray head, so as to be shielded fromthe reflected spray. However, I do not wish to be limited to the useof'my invention in connection with a. hand-held appliance of the spraygun type.

I claim as my invention:

1. ln a spray appliance, a body member having an interior air storagechamber and having two spaced air portsvopening forwardly from the saidchamber; a spray-head member attached at its rear end to the forward endof the body member and provided with two spaced air discharge passages;the

two members being formed for affording a peripherally closed air spaceforwardly of the body member and behind the inlet of one of the airdischarge passages; and partitioning means extending between the saidmembers for partitioning the said air space into two concentriccompartments into which the said two ports respectively open and towhich the air discharge passages respectively are continuouslyconnected.

2. ln a spray appliance, a body member having an interior air storagechamber and having two spaced air ports opening forwardp ly from the)'said) chamber; a spray-head member attached at its rear end to theforward end of the body member and provided with two spaced airdischarge passages; the two members being formed for aiording aperipherally closed air space forwardly of the body member and behindthe inlet of one of the air discharge passages; partitioningmeans'extending betweenthe said members vfor partitioning the said airspace into two compartments into which the said two ports respectivelyopen and to which the air discharge passages respectively arecontinuousconnected, and lmeans for controlling the ow of air throughone of the said ports without aii'ecting the iow ofl airthrough theother port.

3. Ina spray appliance, a body member having an interior air storagechamber and having two spacedair ports opening forwardly from the saidchamber; a spray-head member attached at its rear end to the .for-

ward end of the body member and provided' with two spaced air dischargepassages; the two members' being formed for affording aperipherallyclosed` air space forwardly of the body member and behindthe inlet of one of the air discharge passages; partitioning meansextending betwn the said members for partitioning the said air -spacevinto two concentric compartments into which the saidl two ortsrespectively open'and to which the air ischarge passages respectivelyare continuously connected; means-for controlling the supply .of air tothe saidair-storage chamber, and separate means for controlling one ofthe said ports.

4. In a spray appliance, an assemblage of parts as per claim 3,including baille means disposed within the' compartment to which thesaid separately controlled port opens, for restricting the direct iow ofair from the last named port to the air discharge l'passage leadinglfrom the same compartment.

5. vIn a spray appliance, an assemblage of parts as per claim 3,including baiiie means disposed within the compartment to which the saidseparately controlled port opens,

for restricting the direct iiow of air from l the last named port to theair discharge passage leading from the same compartment, the

bae means being fast upon the partitioning means.,

'l 6. In a spray appliance, a body member having an interior airstoragey chamber and having two spaced air ports opening forwardlyvfromthe said chamber; a spray-head memcontrolling the flow of air to thesaid passage,V and-a valve member extending freely through the saidpassage and controlling one of the said ports. c

' 7. A spray appliance as per claim 6, in which .the valve vmemberextends rearwardly through the body and includes a digitally movablehead disposed behind a portion of the body. 8. In a sprayappliance, abody member having an interior air storage chamber-and havingtwo spacedair ports openingforwardly from the said chamber; a spray-head .mem-z.ber attached at'its'rear end to the forward end eal vmember having ana'ir supply passage leading to the air storage chamber; means for of thebody member and provided with two' A spaced air discharge passages; thetwo members being formed. for affording a peri herally-closed air spaceforwardly of the ody member and behind the inlet 'of one of the airdischarge passages; tubular ,vf/partitie means extending from one to theother of the said members for 'partitioning the said air space into twoconcentric compartments into which the said two ports'respectively lopenand to which theair discharge passages respectively are continuouslyconnected, means for controlling the supply of air' to the'said isochamber; and separate means for controlling one of the said ports.

9. In a spray appliance, a body member having an interior air storagechamber and having two spaced air ports opening forwardly from the saidchamber; a spray-head memberattached at its rear end to the forward endof the body member and provided with two spaced air discharge passages;the two members being formed for affording a peripherally` closed airspace forwardly of thebody member and behind the inlet of one of the airdischarge passages; tubular partitioning means extending from one to theother of the said members and centered by one `thereof for partitioningthe said air space into two concentric compartments into which the. saidtwo ports respectively open and to 4which the air discharge passagesrespectively are continuously connected; means for controllingthe supplyof air to the said chamber; and separatemeans forcontrolling I.

the port leading to the outer of the two concentric compartments.

10.`ln a. spray appliance, a body having in its forward end an airstorage chamber and having an axial and a non-axial air portv bothopening forwardly from the said chamber, and having an air passageleading to the said chamber; a liquid nozzle extending forwardly fromthe body through the axial air port and leaving a gap between the boreof that port and the liquid nozzle; a cup like air nozzle member securedat its mouth end to the body and having a central outlet port freelysurrounding the forward end offthe liquid nozzle, the said air nozzlemember' also having two supplemental air' passages disposed at oppositeIsides of the axis of the central outlet port; the air nozzle memberalso including a tubular partition abutting against the forward end ofthe body, the bore of the partition being concentric with and of largerdiameter than the said central outlet port and the'exterior radius ofthe partition being less than the distance between the said axis. r

11. A spray appliance as per claim 10, in combination with a movablevalve member controlling the said non-axial'air port.

12. A. spray appliance as per claim 10, in combination with a movablevalve member controlling the said non-axial air port, the

valve member extending through the said 'air passage.

13.1%. spray appliance as per claim 10, in

combination with a movable valve member controlling the said non-axialair ort, the valve member extending longitudinally of the air passagewithin-thatfpassage and presenting a di 'tally operable end part behinda portion o the body.

14. A spray appliance as per claim 10, including an annular peripheralflange carried by the partition and extending freely between Lemme theoutlet of the said non-axial air port and the'rear ends of both of thesupplemental air passages.

15. In a spray appliance of the class described, tlie combination withan air nozzle having a forwardly converging axial air bore and having asupplemental air passage spaced from the said air bore, of a nozzleextension slidabl fitted to the rear end of the air nozzle andyincluding a tubular portion radially inward of the supplemental airpassage and of larger bore than the said axial air bore, and a'springinterposed between the air nozzle and the said extension forcontinuously urging the extension rearwardly away from the nozzle. i

16. A spray appliance as per claim 1, in which the partitioning meansare slidably Afitted to one of the said members, and yielding means forpressing the partitioning means against the other member.

17. In a spray appliance, a body having an air storage chamber in itsforward end and a main air passage leading to the said chamber; the bodyalso having. a liquid passage parallel to the main air passage, andhaving a frontal aperture and a frontal port both leading from the saidchamber and alining respectively with the liquid passage and the mainair passage; a liquid nozzle mounted 1 on the body in alinement with theliquid passage, the said nozzle extending forwardly through the saidfrontal aperture and being of such diameter opposite that aperture as toprovide an annular port leading from the said chamber; an air-confiningand pro]ect ing member mounted on the body and housing the portion ofthe liquid nozzle forwardly of the body, the said member being formed toafford a central annular air outlet around the tip of the nozzle and asupplemental air 4outlet spaced transversely of the axis of thevalvecontrolling the said frontal port in the body.

SVEND BRAMSEN.

CERTIFICATE oF CORRECTION.

ateniNo.1,91o,673. i May 23,1933.

SVEND BRAMSEN.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 6,line 118, claim 17, after "body" insert a semi-colon; and that the saidLetters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the samemay conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office. y

Signed and sealed this 15th day of May, A. D. r1934. I

Bryan M. Battey (Seal) l Acting Commissioner of Patents.

